Cambodia: Kingdom of Wonder
CAMBODIA GENERAL INFORMATION

Cambodia has much to offer with its rich cultural heritage. The world-renowned Angkor temple complex with its stunning Khmer architectural achievements, cosmopolitan Phnom Penh, and the country’s unspoiled beaches, beautiful mountains and forests make Cambodia a unique travel destination

History
Much of Cambodia’s history is shrouded in mystery.

The earliest settlements discovered here date from the 7th century, B.C. With the end of the Angkor period in the 14th century, and then again with the reign of the Khmer Rouge, much historical documentation was destroyed. Thankfully, we have accounts by foreign traders and architectural remains to tell us one important fact: for a period of approximately six centuries (9th-14th), the Khmer people established at Angkor a base of military and political power coupled with a sophisticated culture that was unrivaled in Southeast Asia. Visitors today will discover that the temples and monuments of Cambodia are as much a part of the beautiful landscape as the natural elements that surround them.

Local Cambodia time: GMT + 7 Greenwichmeantime.com

Mainland Territory: 181,040 sq. km
Population: 14,241,640 (over 14 million inhabitants – est. 2008)
National Capital: Phnom Penh


Climate
Cambodia lies in the tropical zone. There are two seasons: monsoon and dry. The humid, rainy season lasts from April to October, when temperatures reach 32 degrees Celsius/90 Fahrenheit. The hottest month is April, when the temperature can reach 38 C/100 F or more degrees.

The cool, dry season lasts from November to March, with temperatures reaching 27 C/80 F.



Language
The official language of Cambodia is Khmer, which is also referred to as Cambodian.. French and English are widely spoken in hotels and business circles. English is the first language among young students, while French is spoken by older people.

Population and People
Cambodia's population is more than 14 million and growing fast. Khmers make up 90 percent of the population, while a variety of other ethnic groups make up the rest. They include a diversity of peoples, Chinese, Vietnamese, Cham, and a number of tribal groups such as the Kreung, Tampuon, Kuoy and Jarai among them. .



Festivals and Holidays

The dates of Cambodian traditional festivals are set according to the Khmer lunar calendar.

The most important of these are Chaul Chnam Thmei (Khmer New Year), which falls in mid-April, and the Water Festival in mid-November. The Mekong Pirogue races take place at this time. They last three days and are held in Phnom Penh in front of the Royal Palace. Independence Day is November 9.



Religion
Cambodia's official religion is Theravada Buddhism. It was introduced in Cambodia in the 12th century.It is enhanced by traditional animist beliefs and Brahmanist practices long imported from India to form a very Cambodian religious system. There are also 500,000 Muslims, mostly of Cham origins.


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TRAVEL TIPS

Food
Vietnamese cuisine is known for its fresh ingredients, whether on the milder side with subtle herbs or a bit more zing with hot peppers. The national dish is pho or noodle soup.

A fixture on any menu, pho is loaded with rice noodles, meat, scallions, garlic, ginger, basil leaves, star anise and pepper. Another staple is rice with nuoc mam (fermented fish sauce), an accompaniment to almost any meal. Spring rolls, seafood, tropical fruits and many unique sweets are also widely enjoyed throughout the country.

Internet
Internet cafes are abundant in Phnom Penh & Siem Reap with cheap hourly rates. Some hotels will have access too.

Health
No vaccinations are required for entry into Cambodia. However, it is recommended that all visitors be inoculated against typhoid, tetanus, and hepatitis A and B. It is not wise to drink tap water. Prescription drugs are easily obtainable in urban areas. Precautions against malaria, such as doxycycline or larium (check with your doctor on certain adverse side effects to these medicines), are not necessary for Phnom Penh or Siem Reap, but are recommended when visiting more remote provinces. Use mosquito nets in your room. Travelers should consult their doctor or travel centre before leaving for Cambodia.

Insurance
Health insurance, including emergency evacuation, is absolutely essential. Doctors and hospitals expect cash payments for any medical treatment. The cost of medical evacuation is high. The hospital in Phnom Penh is reliable. It is suggested that any visitors bring adequate supplies of any essential personal medication, since that medication may not be available in Cambodia.

Health, Food and Drink
All water should be regarded as being potentially contaminated. Water for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should first be boiled or otherwise sterilized. Bottled water is widely available. Milk is unpasteurized and should be boiled. Powdered or tinned milk is available and is advised. Avoid dairy products which are likely to have been made from unboiled milk. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.

Meal Costs
Expect to spend about $40 USD/person/day, an additional $20 in high end restaurants.

Tipping
For good service, guides are usually tipped $10-15 USD/day, and drivers about $5-10. Tips are not expected in restaurants, but for good service you may leave $1-2 USD in the local currency.


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Currency, Banking, and Credit Cards


The official currency is the Riel. Dollars may be exchanged for riel at exchange booths. Rates are subject to fluctuation. The Riel is Cambodia's official currency (US $1 = 4000 riel), but US dollars are widely accepted. Most hotels accept international credit cards such as Visa and MasterCard and travelers checks can be easily cashed. It is advisable for guests to use a combination of cash and travelers cheques for convenience. Most prefer payment by USD.



Electricity
220 volts, 50Hz. Cambodian sockets take round two-pin and flat-pronged plugs.

Shopping
Cambodia offers a wide range of handicrafts, such as beautiful silverware, pottery and jewelry. Religious themes and scenes of daily life feature strongly in oil paintings and intricate carvings made from sandstone, marble and some of Cambodia's tropical hardwoods. Perhaps most attractive to visitors are the wide range of traditional silk and cotton cloths which can be made into fine clothing by local tailors at a low cost. In true Asian tradition, open marketplaces are an integral part of Cambodian life. These markets sell everything from mainstream and exotic foods, clothes and electrical appliances, to hundreds of krama, the multi-purpose scarf worn by many Cambodians. Even for non-shoppers, the markets offer a fascinating glimpse of Cambodian daily life and culture.

Airport Departure Taxes
US$25 for international flights from Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. (To be paid in cash)
US$6 for domestic flights from Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. (To be paid in cash)


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Packing List

Checklist before you leave on your trip:

  • Airtickets : check your departure times and date. Where possible buy e-tickets it saves you time when you inadverdently lose the document you can always pull out a copy from the computer or provide the ticket number. Paper tickets are more likely to get lost and end up having to wait for months to claim the lost ticket. Make sure you save a copy of your e-ticket in your traveling email.
  • Call your credit card company to inform them you will be traveling overseas and name of countries that the card will charged and the period that you will be using the card overseas to avoid identity theft and inconvenience that your card gets blocked when you travel.
  • Check your visa documents and passport size photos if you need them to get visa on arrival.
  • Make copies of your passport and visas scan it and send it to your traveling email in case your passport is lost or visas lost you can contact the proper authorities to provide those copies.
  • Make sure you have your health/accidental /emergency evacuation insurance. Most important is health /accident coverage. Make sure that the coverage will pay for you while you are in the hospital or need assistance in the country you are traveling. Costs are covered and not require you to pay first and claim later. From our experience insurance underwritten by AIG in the US and Lloyds of London in Europe has come through for our clients in times of emergencies with little inconvenience.
  • Check with your mobile phone carrier if they have roaming coverage in the countries you are traveling. Make sure your phone is compatible to receive or make calls in the country you will be traveling. Sometimes it’s cheaper to buy a local sim card in the country of arrival and put it in your phone to use locally. But it’s always good to have a back up to have your phone roaming coverage.
  • Make sure you have enough passport pages in your passport. Usually try to have at least 2 pages in your passport for each country you will be visiting (not transiting at the airports). This is if you will get your visa on arrival at the country you are visiting.
  • Make sure you have your travel agent’s mobile phone number in your phone or where you can access information in case of an emergency.

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Cambodia Do's and Don'ts

Do's

  • Do greet Cambodians as like they greet you. Handshakes and physical contact in public is not an accepted norm. Especially between a man to a women or vice versa.
  • Do try local specialty such as Amok and Num Bachok.
  • Do watch traditional and cultural dance shows which are available in various restaurants.
  • Do visit a local market in the morning to experience a daily life of the local.
  • Do ask for permission before taking photos of others.
  • Do bargain when buying things. Bargaining can be an enjoyable experience in interacting with the locals.
  • Do learn some words in Khmer such as “Hello” or “Thank you”. To learn Khmer click here.
  • Do take off hat and shoes before entering a Khmer home and pagodas.
  • Do take up the opportunity of staying with a Khmer family, a great way to experience the life-style of the locals.
  • Do buy Khmer souvenirs before returning to your home country.

Don’ts

  • Don’t hug and kiss in public.
  • Don’t wear revealing clothes when entering temples or place of worship. Revealing thighs, shoulders or chest is frowned upon in public.
  • Don’t purchase historical artifacts in Cambodia (its illegal). Buy only the replica ones.
  • Don’t take home pieces of stone from the temples and tourist sites no matter how small and undecorated they are.
  • Don’t touch someone on the head. Head is considered holy.
  • Don’t point or gesture with your feet or put your on the furniture. Feet are considered the lowest form of the body.
  • Don’t put books or reading materials where people sit.
  • Don’t give children vendors in the temples candies if you do not intend to buy their products.
  • Don’t be foul-mouthed in middle of lake or jungle. It is considered bad omen.
  • Don’t criticize or make negative comments about the Royal family.
  • Don’t involve in narcotic drug consumption and sexual exploitation of children.

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